暨南大学 “‘每月一译’ 翻译之星” 2022年9月点评

发布者:陈子微发布时间:2022-09-30浏览次数:236

 

 

【原文】

 

                                                                           Leonardo da Vinci

 

[1] Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519) was a painter, architect, inventor, and student of all things scientific. His natural genius crossed so many disciplines that he epitomized the term “Renaissance man.” Today he remains best known for his art, including two paintings that remain among the world’s most famous and admired, Mona Lisa and The Last Supper.

 

[2] Art, da Vinci believed, was indisputably connected with science and nature. Largely self-educated, he filled dozens of secret notebooks with inventions, observations and theories about pursuits from aeronautics to anatomy.

 

[3] But the rest of the world was just beginning to share knowledge in books made with moveable type, and the concepts expressed in his notebooks were often difficult to interpret. As a result, though he was lauded in his time as a great artist, his contemporaries often did not fully appreciate his genius — the combination of intellect and imagination that allowed him to create, at least on paper, such inventions as the bicycle, the helicopter and an airplane based on the physiology and flying capability of a bat.

 

【点评】

 

列奥纳多·达·芬奇是意大利文艺复兴时期画家、自然科学家、工程师,与米开朗基罗、拉斐尔并称“文艺复兴后三杰”。

[1] 中,Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519) was a painter, architect, inventor, and student of all things scientific. 参赛译文一般没有大问题,但其中的student显然要译作动词“学习”,却不是“学习一切科学知识”,而为“善于学习所有与科学相关的知识”。对于His natural genius crossed so many disciplines that he epitomized the term “Renaissance man.” Today he remains best known for his art, including two paintings that remain among the world’s most famous and admired, Mona Lisa and The Last Supper. 大都译成“他在很多学科中都显露了非凡的天赋,因此被尊称为“文艺复兴时期最完美的代表”。现今他仍以艺术闻名于世,其画作《蒙娜丽莎》和《最后的晚餐》在世界上闻名遐迩、备受尊敬/“他具有多学科天赋,是“文艺复兴人”的缩影。如今,他最广为人知的是艺术品,包括《蒙娜丽莎》和《最后的晚餐》这两幅享誉世界的杰作” /“他的天赋覆盖很多学科,是“文艺复兴人”一词的缩影。今天,他仍以其艺术作品而闻名,其中包括蒙娜丽莎和最后的晚餐,这两幅作品在世界上享有盛誉”/ “他天赋异禀,在许多方面均卓有建树——堪称‘文艺复兴时期的巨匠’。他的绘画造诣有目共睹,笔下的传世名作《蒙娜丽莎》和《最后的晚餐》更是享誉世界” / “他学识渊博,是‘文艺复兴巨匠’的典范。当今,达芬奇仍然因为其(伟大的)艺术造诣而保持着相当高的知名度,这包括了世界上两幅最著名、同时也最受人仰慕的画作:《蒙娜丽莎》和《最后的晚餐》等,其中下划线部分值得推敲,如epitomized未必要译成“缩影”、“最完美的代表”或“文艺复兴时期的巨匠”;natural genius crossed so many disciplines是“在许多方面均卓有建树”、“他学识渊博”?因而,该段不妨译为:列奥纳多·达·芬奇(1452-1519)是一位画家、建筑师、发明家,善于学习所有与科学相关的知识。在众多领域显出天赋,他成为文艺复兴代表性人物;而今,他仍以艺术闻名,其中最富盛誉的传世之作是《蒙娜丽莎》和《最后的晚餐》

[2] 对于Art, da Vinci believed, was indisputably connected with science and nature. Largely self-educated, he filled dozens of secret notebooks with inventions, observations and theories about pursuits from aeronautics to anatomy.较为典型的译文,如“达芬奇相信,艺术与科学和自然密不可分。他自学的范围很广泛,他的发现、发明以及追求的从航天学到解剖学的理论写满了他那个神秘的笔记本/“达·芬奇坚定认为艺术与自然科学息息相关,这一点毋庸置疑。他在自己的笔记本上密密麻麻地记着自己对于发明、观察以及航空和解剖的理论心得,而他的知识大都通过自学获得” / “达·芬奇认为,艺术毫无疑问是和科学与自然联系在一起的。他基本上都是靠自学,几十本秘密笔记本上写满了他所热爱的从航空学到解剖学的发明、观察和理论等,其中下划线部分不够准确、过于机械或画蛇添足了,可对比参考译文:达芬奇认为,艺术无疑与科学和自然关系密切。主要靠靠自学,从航空学到解剖学的发明、观察和理论探究,他作了几十本私人笔记

[3] 对于该段的断句和标点符,可不必拘泥于原文But the rest of the world was just beginning to share knowledge in books made with moveable type, and the concepts expressed in his notebooks were often difficult to interpret. As a result, though he was lauded in his time as a great artist, his contemporaries often did not fully appreciate his genius—the combination of intellect and imagination that allowed him to create, at least on paper, such inventions as the bicycle, the helicopter and an airplane based on the physiology and flying capability of a bat.  例如:“但是在那时,世界其他地区的人民还只处于刚拥有实体书并开始接受书本知识的阶段,他笔记本里的概念往往难以理解。实际上,在那个时代,尽管他被誉为伟大的艺术家,人们还不能充分认识到他的天赋——凭借智慧和想象力,他起码在纸上创造了自行车、直升飞机和借鉴蝙蝠生理机能、飞行能力的飞机等发明”。/“但在文艺复兴时期,知识分享才刚刚萌芽,书中的内容会以灵活的形式表现出来,而达芬奇笔记本里的概念太晦涩难懂了。所以尽管在当时,他在艺术上广受赞美,但他的其他天赋却没有完全被他的同龄人所理解——智慧与想象力的结合鼓励他去创造,至少是在纸上绘出了自行车和基于蝙蝠生理构造和飞行能力而设计的直升机、飞行器模型/“但那个时代才刚刚开始用传真机来分享书本上的知识,所以他的笔记本上记的观点常常是难以理解的。结果是,虽然在他那个时代他被称赞为伟大的艺术家,他的同龄人常常不欣赏他的天赋——他的智力与想象力的结合让他起码是在纸上去创造,就像自行车,直升机,基于生理学和蝙蝠飞行能力的飞机这样的发明。其实,可以根据译入语的表达习惯,将词语和结构进行适当调整,如As a result,译为“因而”;—the combination of intellect and imagination另起一句,与后面词语形成完整意思:然而,那时世界刚刚开始用活字印刷来传播知识,而达芬奇在笔记本中所表述的概念往往难以解读。因而,尽管作为那个时代的伟大艺术家他广受赞誉,但他的同代人并未能完全领悟他的天才。他的创造是智慧与想象力的结合,以蝙蝠的生理和飞行能力为基础,至少在纸面上,作出了自行车、直升机、飞机等发明

总之,译文既要忠实于原文,又不可机械地固守于其表述形式,而应在理解的基础上,作相应灵活的变通。

 

 

【参考译文】

 列奥纳多·达·芬奇

 

 [1] 列奥纳多·达·芬奇(1452-1519)是一位画家、建筑师、发明家,善于学习所有与科学相关的知识。在众多领域显出天赋,他成为文艺复兴代表性人物;而今,他仍以艺术闻名,其中最富盛誉的传世之作是《蒙娜丽莎》和《最后的晚餐》。。

 

[2] 达芬奇认为,艺术无疑与科学和自然关系密切。主要靠靠自学,从航空学到解剖学的发明、观察和理论探究,他作了几十本私人笔记。

 

[3] 然而,那时世界刚刚开始用活字印刷来传播知识,而达芬奇在笔记本中所表述的概念往往难以解读。因而,尽管作为那个时代的伟大艺术家他广受赞誉,但他的同代人并未能完全领悟他的天才。他的创造是智慧与想象力的结合,以蝙蝠的生理和飞行能力为基础,至少在纸面上,作出了自行车、直升机、飞机等发明。